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Photosynthesis Introduction

Year 8 ๐Ÿ”ฌ Cell Biology & Biochemistry  The process of photosynthesis, chloroplasts, and limiting factors.

๐ŸŒฟ Photosynthesis Overview

Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored as glucose. It is the entry point of energy into most food chains.

Word equation
carbon dioxide + water โ†’ glucose + oxygen
Symbol equation
$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light energy}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$$
  • Occurs in chloroplasts (contain chlorophyll)
  • Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light; reflects green
  • Glucose can be used for respiration, storage (starch, oils), or building (cellulose, proteins)

๐Ÿ“Š Limiting Factors

The rate of photosynthesis is limited by the factor in shortest supply.

  • Light intensity โ€” increasing light increases rate; at high light, COโ‚‚ or temperature becomes limiting
  • COโ‚‚ concentration โ€” increasing COโ‚‚ increases rate; usually only 0.04% in atmosphere
  • Temperature โ€” higher temperature increases rate (enzymes work faster); above ~40ยฐC, enzymes denature โ†’ rate falls sharply
๐Ÿ’กCompensation point: The light intensity at which the rate of photosynthesis exactly equals the rate of respiration โ€” no net gas exchange.
๐ŸŽฏ Ready to test yourself? Click the Quiz tab above!
๐ŸŽฌ Interactive Demo โ€” Photosynthesis Introduction
๐Ÿงฌ Photosynthesis Rate Calculator
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